Isolation, identification and in vitro evaluation of native isolates of bacillus, trichoderma and streptomyces with potential for the biocontrol of grapevine trunk fungi
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Date
2023-03-08
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Universidad Nacional de Cañete
Abstract
Antecedentes: El biocontrol de las enfermedades fúngicas de la madera de la vid (EMV), es una alternativa amigable frente al control químico causante de resistencia y/o contaminación del ecosistema. Objetivo: aislar microorganismos nativos de raíz y rizósfera de vid con potencial de biocontrol de hongos de la madera de la vid. Metodología: Se estudió la “competencia por sustrato” (CS) con la escala de Bell, “el tiempo de contacto” (TC) entre antagonista- patógeno” (días) y la antibiosis por el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento (PIC). Resultados: Se aislaron e identificaron: siete-cepas de Trichoderma spp. (raíz: Tr-1, Tr-2, Tr3, Tr-6; y rizósfera: Tr-4, Tr-5, Tr-7); seis-Bacillus spp. (raíz: Bac-4, Bac-5, Bac-6; y rizósfera: Bac-1, Bac-2, Bac-3); y dos-Streptomyces sp. (rizósfera: Act-1, Act-2).
Los resultados de la CS evaluados con la escala de Bell demostraron a Tr-1, Tr-7, T.atv (Trichoderma atroviride) y T22 (Trichoderma harzianum) se ubicaron en la clase 1 frente a Lasiodiplodia theobromae y, todos los aislados se ubicaron en la clase 1 frente a Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare y Phaeoacremonium parasiticum. El TC de Trichoderma fue 2 días (L. theobromae) y 3 días (C. pseudofasciculare y P. parasiticum). En la antibiosis Tr-5 (Trichoderma) y Bac-3 (Bacillus) tuvieron el mayor PIC (>50%) frente a los patógenos. El aislado Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) presentó PIC, >70% (L. theobromae), >40% (C. pseudofasciculare) y >30% (P. parasiticum). Implicaciones: El uso del control biológico en el manejo de enfermedades de la madera de la vid es una herramienta eficaz, y puede integrarse en una estrategia de manejo integrado de estas patologías. Conclusiones: Los aislados nativos Bac-3 (Bacillus spp.), Tr-5 (Trichoderma spp.), Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) demostraron control in vitro frente a los patógenos L. theobromae, C. pseudofasciculare y P. parasiticum, patógenos asociados a enfermedades de la madera de la vid. Palabras clave: Antagonistas; biocontrol; hongos de madera de la vid; rizósfera; raíz; uva de mesa.
Background: Biocontrol of fungal diseases of grapevine wood (EMV) is a friendly alternative to chemical control that causes resistance and/or contamination of the ecosystem. Objective: to isolate native microorganisms from grapevine root and rhizosphere with biocontrol potential of grapevine wood fungi. Methodology: The "competition for substrate" (CS) was studied with the Bell scale, the "contact time" (TC) between antagonist-pathogen" (days) and the antibiosis by the percentage of growth inhibition (PIC). Results: The following were isolated and identified: seven strains of Trichoderma spp. (root: Tr-1, Tr-2, Tr3, Tr-6; and rhizosphere: Tr-4, Tr-5, Tr-7); six-Bacillus spp. (root: Bac-4, Bac-5, Bac-6; and rhizosphere: Bac-1, Bac-2, Bac-3); and two-Streptomyces sp. (rhizosphere: Act-1, Act-2). The results of the CS evaluated with the Bell scale demonstrated that Tr-1, Tr-7, T.atv (Trichoderma atroviride) and T22 (Trichoderma harzianum) were located in class 1 against Lasiodiplodia theobromae and, all the isolates were placed in class 1 against Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare and Phaeoacremonium parasiticum. Trichoderma TC was 2 days (L. theobromae) and 3 days (C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum). In the antibiosis Tr-5 (Trichoderma) and Bac-3 (Bacillus) they had the highest PIC (>50%) against the pathogens. The Act-2 isolate (Streptomyces sp.) presented ICP, >70% (L. theobromae), >40% (C. pseudofasciculare) and >30% (P. parasiticum). Implications: The use of biological control in the management of grapevine wood diseases is an effective tool, and can be integrated into an integrated management strategy for these pathologies. Conclusions: The native isolates Bac-3 (Bacillus spp.), Tr-5 (Trichoderma spp.), Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) demonstrated in vitro control against the pathogens L. theobromae, C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum. , pathogens associated with grapevine wood diseases. Keywords: Antagonists; biocontrol; vine wood mushrooms; rhizosphere; root; table grapes.
Background: Biocontrol of fungal diseases of grapevine wood (EMV) is a friendly alternative to chemical control that causes resistance and/or contamination of the ecosystem. Objective: to isolate native microorganisms from grapevine root and rhizosphere with biocontrol potential of grapevine wood fungi. Methodology: The "competition for substrate" (CS) was studied with the Bell scale, the "contact time" (TC) between antagonist-pathogen" (days) and the antibiosis by the percentage of growth inhibition (PIC). Results: The following were isolated and identified: seven strains of Trichoderma spp. (root: Tr-1, Tr-2, Tr3, Tr-6; and rhizosphere: Tr-4, Tr-5, Tr-7); six-Bacillus spp. (root: Bac-4, Bac-5, Bac-6; and rhizosphere: Bac-1, Bac-2, Bac-3); and two-Streptomyces sp. (rhizosphere: Act-1, Act-2). The results of the CS evaluated with the Bell scale demonstrated that Tr-1, Tr-7, T.atv (Trichoderma atroviride) and T22 (Trichoderma harzianum) were located in class 1 against Lasiodiplodia theobromae and, all the isolates were placed in class 1 against Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare and Phaeoacremonium parasiticum. Trichoderma TC was 2 days (L. theobromae) and 3 days (C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum). In the antibiosis Tr-5 (Trichoderma) and Bac-3 (Bacillus) they had the highest PIC (>50%) against the pathogens. The Act-2 isolate (Streptomyces sp.) presented ICP, >70% (L. theobromae), >40% (C. pseudofasciculare) and >30% (P. parasiticum). Implications: The use of biological control in the management of grapevine wood diseases is an effective tool, and can be integrated into an integrated management strategy for these pathologies. Conclusions: The native isolates Bac-3 (Bacillus spp.), Tr-5 (Trichoderma spp.), Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) demonstrated in vitro control against the pathogens L. theobromae, C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum. , pathogens associated with grapevine wood diseases. Keywords: Antagonists; biocontrol; vine wood mushrooms; rhizosphere; root; table grapes.
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Keywords
Antagonists, Biocontrol, Grapevine trunk fungi, Rhizosphere, Root, Table grape.
Citation
Isolation, identification and in vitro evaluation of native isolates of bacillus, trichoderma and streptomyces with potential for the biocontrol of grapevine trunk fungi, Articulo - Escuela Profesional de Agronomia